How does director Luhrman Engage the Modern Audience in his Film Version of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

How does director Luhrman Engage the Modern Audience in his Film Version of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet? Essay Luhrman excels himself in his modern film version of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. He captivates the modern audience using camera, music and sound effects, editing, colour and lighting, characterisation, costume and props as his tools. Using these techniques he captures the audiences attention and really brings through the brilliance of Shakespeares play to the modern world using his skill as a director. He aims mainly at a teenage audience although the film can appeal to everyone. Luhrman uses camera effects to great success. The camera tracks/pans from face to face very quickly as the fight begins. This shows the rush of emotions going on. He uses this to emphasize that the fight will be very fast. It also gives you a close up shot of their facial expressions in short shots. This gives the fight a longer period of time to engage the audience in whats happening and it involves the audience with the characters. They know what theyre thinking and feeling and can see their reactions to the fight easily. Also the quick movement of the camera builds up tension, you can almost feel the adrenaline rising in Mercutio and Tybalt and at some point it has to explode. We will write a custom essay sample on How does director Luhrman Engage the Modern Audience in his Film Version of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How does director Luhrman Engage the Modern Audience in his Film Version of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How does director Luhrman Engage the Modern Audience in his Film Version of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When Romeo kills Tybalt there is a long, angle shot of Romeo looking up at a religious statue. The statue makes Romeo look tiny emphasizing how he feels at that present moment in time. The rain falling creates a depressing atmosphere. It is as though the statue is looking down on Romeo, and therefore as though God is looking down on him, showing that he has just done a terrible thing. You can see the mix of shock, grief and guilt on his face in another long shot of Romeo. Luhrman uses an extreme close up on Romeos face to show the fear and regret he feels for what he has just done. This also brings the audience closer to the character; they feel sorry for him. In the build up to the fight the hand -held camera effect helps to bring the audience in to the fight. Its as though you are there amongst the action. It also helps you feel the emotions going on in the film. The high tension and adrenaline rush. After Romeo kills Tybalt there is 45 seconds of complete silence. This shows the complete shock Romeo is feeling. It also shows the seriousness of the situation. People automatically associate silence with seriousness. During the fight between Tybalt and Romeo there is a huge emphasis on the gunshot and the dropping of the gun. Luhrman uses sound effects to echo the sound of the gunshot and it is also played in slow motion so the audience focuses on it even more. When Romeo drops the gun there is a long clear camera shot of it. There is some kind of religious symbol on the gun. Once again there are implications of God, which relates to one of the Ten Commandments, though shalt not kill. These religious motifs are continued throughout the whole film. It is a clever way of relating this modern film version back to the original play. During the period when the play was written there was a lot of focus on religion, if you didnt attend church regularly then you were sure to go the hell and were unrespectable and unwanted. For Romeo to kill Tybalt was a huge deal. He disgraced his family and himself. Before Romeo kills Tybalt, Tybalt kills Mercutio. The high number of deaths in this scene makes it highly dramatic. Mercutio wears a white shirt, which shows his innocence and neutrality. Also the white shirt is of use to show his wound when Tybalt kills him. You can clearly see the blood on his shirt, which adds to the drama of the scene. He only fights because Romeo refuses to and because he is a friend of the Montague family he sees it as his duty to stand up for them. Just before Mercutio dies he shouts A plague o both your houses. It echoes all around the beach to emphasize the effect of his words. He blames his death on the feud between the two families. He curses their families. Ignoring the fact that he stepped into the fight of his own accord. When the fight started the beach was full of people and the weather was warm, bright and sunny, to reflect the lighthearted mood the Montagues were in as the fight started. Also as Romeo enters, there is soft mellow music playing, to suggest that he wants to make peace, not fight. At Tybalts entrance a cool, dramatic type of music is played to sugge st he has a score to settle with Romeo. Each character has themed music to reflect their personality and mood. It also shows the difference between the families and their hate for each other. Now the crowds have cleared and the beach is deserted apart from the feuding Montagues and Capulets and a storm is approaching in the background. As Mercutio dies the storm begins to break, it is as if the storm reflects Romeos mood. It symbolizes all the grief and anger he feels at Mercutios death. At Mercutios death there is a loud bang of thunder followed by very heavy, intense music to show that a tragedy has just taken place. There is a lot of emphasis on car engines too, the mix of sounds and the fast paced camera shots point out how frantic and confused everything is, as Romeo sets of to pursue Tybalt and avenge Mercutio. The car chase scene is extremely fast paced and very loud to emphasize the whirl of emotions going on in Romeos and Tybalts heads. Everything is emphasized showing that Romeos senses are on high and alert due to the adrenaline rush he received from his anger at Mercutios death. Luhrman is trying to show the audience that Romeo has let his emotions take over, hes not in control anymore. After Mercutio dies there is a cut to a shot of Juliet looking love struck over Romeo, it then cuts to a shot of Romeo in the car looking maddened by grief. And then after Romeo kills Tybalt it cuts to Juliet again, she is looking over her shoulder, it is as if she felt what just happened to her cousin Tybalt. This editing shows that Tybalts death is the turning point in the play. And as it cuts back to Romeo, both he and the audience realises that what he has done will curse his marriage further and lead to banishment. At the beginning of the scene you see the Montagues on the beach, all wearing brightly coloured modern clothing, like Hawaiian shirts etc. This reflects the happy mood at the beginning. The Montague boys all wear their shirts unbuttoned to show theyre laid back attitude whereas the Capulets are dressed quite formally. Then the Capulets arrive all dressed in black to seem intimidating. Their clothes represent their anger and hate for the Montagues. As the scene moves along and the mood becomes darker so does the lighting and colours. The clouds move across the sky and cast a shadow on the Montagues and Capulets as if to imply a plague moving over the houses of Montague and Capulet. At the end of the scene when the prince announces Romeos banishment everyone but lady Capulet is dressed in dark colours. She says Romeo slew Tybalt, Romeo must not live. She is obviously very angry at the death of her kinsman and she is dressed in bright red, perhaps to reflect her anger at Tybalts death. During the fight scene between Romeo and Tybalt, the costumes worn make a huge difference in the film. Tybalt is wearing a black shirt, which makes his injuries much less obvious, and so it makes the audience sympathise with Romeo, as his wounds are much clearer. As well as modern colouring there is also modern movement and gestures. For example as Mercutio makes a joke out of the word blow he lifts his shirt and shakes his bum at Tybalt in as a taunt. The Montague boys act as typical teenagers, play fighting with each other and not taking life to seriously. In another scene you see them playing pool, like typical teenagers would. This allows a teenage audience to relate to the characters and empathise with them, whereas they would find it slightly harder to relate to the more adult Capulets. When it cuts to the scene in Juliets room there is a romantic, peaceful feeling. She is surrounded by candles and religious figurines, a shocking contrast compared to the previous scene, where Mercutio was just murdered. This grabs the audiences attention, due to the sharp change and makes them pay attention to the film more closely. Also the scene shows Juliets innocence, she is blissfully unaware of the tragedy taking place and the fate of her new husband. The religious motifs appear again through the figurines, again relating back to the time period of the original play. Luhrman uses young, attractive actors for the main characters, which are appealing to the modern youth. As Tybalt dies, a short scene with Juliet is edited in. This helps us to understand her thoughts and feelings at the time. It also helps the scene to flow through into the next, making it easier for the audience to follow the film. Overall the scene is extremely well directed. Baz Luhrman has used camera, music, sound, editing, characterisation, colour and lighting to great effect. You can easily understand whats going on and its easy for the modern audience to relate to the characters and see what emotions theyre going through.

Graduate School Personal Statements

Graduate School Personal Statements One of the most important aspects of the graduate school personal statement is its presentation. While the content of any admissions essay is easily the most important factor, how the student chooses to presents his or her composition is also significant. If you are currently working on a graduate school personal statement, I strongly suggest that you take a moment to decide how you plan to present your submission. Creativity in Graduate School Personal Statements One of the biggest mistakes that many students make when submitting their admissions application packet is not putting any creative thought into their presentations. Most students, in fact, do nothing more than fill out the written application form, enclose their typed graduate school personal statements, and then toss it in the mail. That is why application packets that are uniquely designed and/or that showcase an applicants desire to go the extra mile typically receive further attention. There are many ways you can creatively present your graduate school personal statements. One way is to personally design the cover page. You can do this with a creative piece of artwork or the attachment of a personal photo. No matter what your design ideas, putting any creative effort into your cover page is an excellent way to get any readers attention. Whether you enclose your admissions packet in a uniquely designed folder, or present your admissions essay complete with photos and/or hand drawn illustrations, any additional effort you put fourth toward the overall presentation of your personal statement is certain to win you some extra points. If you would like more tips on enhancing graduate school personal statements, please dont hesitate to contact me.

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Higher Education Essay

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Higher Education - Essay Example There are instances that I have encountered such experiences. For instance, someone approaches me and asks why I cook and clean my house. I feel offended because I don’t believe that such house chores belong to the ladies. Racial microaggressions are also common. They are a form of an offensive, racial discrimination. They make one feel inferior due to their race. People who face the vice also feel unwanted and unappreciated in the culture. One of the most common racial microaggression that I face in my life is the situation whereby my friends address me using particular surnames that are not mine. Such are the common names for my race, and everyone thinks that I have the same, because of my race. According to Riggle and Rostosky (9-11), some microaggressions are easier to deal with than others. The ease of handling them depends on the magnitude of stress and discomfort caused. The microaggressions that affect one’s health and family are tougher to handle than those tha t do not. As such, gender microaggressions are easier to deal with than the racial ones. On a similar note, Museums and Chang argue that microaggressions bear different impacts depending on whether they are racial or gender-based. Grey and Parker (57-68) also conform to this argument. Based on personal experience, racial microaggressions are the most common. The reason behind this is that most institutions of higher learning comprise of both Native and international races. Some puns end up being microaggressions. The most commonly committed microaggressions include racial, gender orientation, and gender identity. For instance, I tell my friend that she is too cute for a black girl, and she gets offended. A "good" man does not cook or clean the house. A "good" woman does not do office work. A "good" woman thinks of how to maintain the home and take care of the family.

Islamaphobia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Islamaphobia - Essay Example The belief in Christianity as a Western civilization and culture resulted in the anti-Islam discourse. Muslims were regarded as different and radical as their religion was incompatible with the European culture (Konrad 31). People saw Islam as an element of threat to the spread and existence of Christianity in Europe. The viewpoint culminated into the position that Islam will conquer Europe through immigration and birth rates. Defenders of this notion believed that because of the growing Muslim community, Europe faces the danger of losing its Christian-based civilization and cultural identity. Another common discourse on Islam was its monolithic presentation. A reflection of this discourse is evident in the use of the terms â€Å"them† and â€Å"us† to ascertain that Islam was compatible with major European ideals. Europeans viewed Islam as tool for opposing European ideals such as democracy, sexual equality, and rejection of violence. The 19th century marked the age of Europe’s Enlightenment. Anti-Islam groups used every possible method to fight Islam because they believed it was a threat to the European age of enlightenment. Anti-Islamic contents and articles were found in various politically oriented newspapers and journals. The European media used showed particular differences in issues of gender power and politics. It showed the differences between the European culture and the Islamic culture. There was a biased representation of Islam because the arguments presented by the European community only demonstrated the incompatibility between Islam an d the western society (Konrad 30). Anti-Islam discourses in Europe began in the 17th and 18th centuries. Islam and societies influenced by Islam were regarded as inferior. Most of the anti-Islam discourse in Europe were based on stereotypes consisting of cultural prejudices against Islam. The cultural prejudices that developed a distinction between the Muslim Orient

US Weaponry advances in the Late 1800's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

US Weaponry advances in the Late 1800's - Essay Example The bullet was driven out of the muzzle at a velocity of about 1,200 feet per second, and it could travel more than 1,000 yards. In 1874, the U.S. Army also used the Colt single action Army revolver. This pistol fired six .45-caliber cartridges. The effective range of the Colt revolver dropped off rapidly over 60 yards. During the campaign, the Army employed various kinds of artillery as well. Colonel Nelson A. Miles, for example, had two Gatling guns that fired a .50 caliber bullet. The Gatling gun was capable of firing up to 300 rounds per minute. At the Battle of Red River on August 30, 1874, Col. Nelson Miles used the Gatling against the Southern Cheyenne—the first time the gun was used in combat west of the Mississippi River. Miles also brought along a 10-pounder Parrott rifle, which was actually a small cannon. The Parrott rifle fired a shell that measured 8.8 inches long by 2.86 in diameter. The shell exploded upon impact and the shell casing became the shrapnel. The maximum range of the 10-pounder Parrott rifle at five degrees elevation was about 2,000 yards. 1 By 1877 "Bulldog" was the first Gatling gun to feature a fully enclosed bronze housing over the barrels and breech. The "Bulldog" was a five-barrel .45 cal. tripod mounted weapon. A few were mounted on a light cavalry cart. A rear mounting hand crank permitted a very high rate of fire of up to 1,000 spm(single point mooring), almost twice the rate of a typical World War II machine gun. By 1889, it was a ten-barrel .45 cal. gun fully encased in a bronze jacket. A side mounting hand crank produced a rate of fire of up to 800 spm, but could be rear mounted to increase the rate up to 1,500 spm. Internal components were strengthened to withstand the punishment from the higher rate of fire. This model had a new flexible yoke that permitted a wider angle of traverse and elevation than

Utilitarianism As The Principle Of Happiness Philosophy Essay

Utilitarianism As The Principle Of Happiness Philosophy Essay According to John Stuart Mill (author of Utilitarianism), utility is happiness, and happiness is pleasure minus pain. Widely known as a universal hedonism, utilitarianism is an ethical philosophy in which the most ethical acts are those which serve to increase the happiness for the most people or at the very least, decreases the suffering for the most people. Nonetheless, albeit with the fact that happiness is recognized as a universal though objectively valuable goal , utilitarianism has been for centuries recognized as the doubt of most moral philosophers, criticized for being impractical, cold and distant from individual rights and the real complexities of life. Bernard Williams is one of the critics, who brought about explicit series of objections against utilitarianism in his book, A Critique of Utilitarianism (Williams 1973b). Obviously, it is impossible for me to cover all areas concerning utilitarianism and so concentrating on morality objections, I will first of all attempt to present Bernard Williams integrity objection and the well known counter-examples against utilitarianism. Then, I will try to counter these objections, and rebutted Williams argument with stern objections as well, with Mills Utilitarianism as my reference. At the end of this essay, I hope to show that utilitarianism is indeed right, and likewise, moral intuitions are without a doubt unreliable to be used as a base in criticising utilitarianism. From what I can understand, Williams believes that utilitarianism fails to recognise the reality of complexities in life, the value of integrity, and as I mentioned earlier, individual rights. Morality comes with the recognition of individual rights and if decisions or judgments are made based on numerical value of the greatest number of happiness in a situation, the happiness of this lesser number group is ignored. Hence, integrity failed to be satisfied. In order to maximize the number of happiness, simply favour the largest number of members in a group and this irked the mind of Williams. Moreover, according to Williams, a normal utilitarian man wouldnt be able to fulfil the demanding ridiculous principle of utilitarianism. It is asking too much of an individual person and so because of that the theory must be flawed. From experience itself we can be sure that morality indeed, does not require so much of us.   Yet, the latter argument of Williams can still be argued as it is not that the theory is demanding, it is just that people dont want to fulfil their moral obligations, and that we just dont like being told to do what we dont want to do.   After all, a moral theory that wouldnt ask us to do what we dont want to do would be useless. Critics of utilitarianism have never fail to construct hypothetical situations where in each of them is the definite clear expectation of what the utilitarian would say, and it is also clear that the saying of the utilitarian would always be potentially wrong in almost all hypothetical cases. These counter-examples against utilitarianism do not conclusively show that utilitarianism is wrong, but indeed they are common reasons why people are rejecting it. And so because of that, I will present two such common counter-examples and the expected utilitarian response for these counter examples. First Counter-Example: Hypothetically speaking, there would be a television show of the future, a show where a person is taken and subjected to tortures on the show.   This is a pay-per-view show that costs a good amount of money to get.   Only people who want to see the show will ever see it, but there are a large number of people who get a great amount of pleasure from seeing this plus all the profits go to charity.   This isnt a regular program, it may only happen once.   Should this show be made? Speaking in a utilitarian manner, it is indeed right to give a green light to this show as even though, it is really sad and bad for this one person, it is however, brings a lot of happiness and pleasure to those who will see it (obviously thousands of watchers). Moreover, all the profits will go to the charity thus benefited a lot more people! Clearly, the benefits outweigh the harms. But obviously, it is indeed still wrong to torture people. This could indeed be the main argument of the opponents. Regardless of the benefits, it is still a violation of that tortured mans rights. Furthermore, to enjoy watching the torture could indeed be more morally wrong than to be physically involved in the show. Second Counter-Example: Jim, a botanist travelling in South America, comes upon a public execution in a small town. A military captain has lined up 20 Indians. He explains to Jim that they have been chosen at random from the local population, which has recently been protesting against the government. The captain offers Jim a guests privilege. If Jim wishes, he can select one of the Indians and shoot him; the other nineteen will then go free. Otherwise, the execution by the captains henchman, Pedro, will go as planned. Utilitarianism seems to claim that it is obvious that the right thing to do is for Jim to just select one of these Indians to be shot at, so that another 20 lives could be spared. To not choose, or refusing to choose could lead to unhappiness of 20 persons, whereas to choose could only cause unhappiness of one. And so as we are referring to the theory of maximizing utility, to lose one is better than to lose 20. However, the objector will claim that it is just obvious that this is the wrong thing to do.   Killing a persons life is still wrong for whatever the reason is. From what that I can deduce, the two counter-examples have one thing in common that is our sense of Morality or our moral intuitions clashes with the principles that utilitarianism hold. Indeed, opposite commands. Nevertheless, it does not mean that utilitarianism must be wrong or flawed. First of all, the arguments made by these counter-examples can only be conclusive if only our moral intuitions are correct.   However, as we all know, our moral intuitions are volatile due to the complexities of life and due to the significant numbers of gray areas that could result in confusion, according to Mill, that is why we refer to moral theories in the first place. Since it is unclear to us of the universal approval for moral intuitions, the critics cannot use their moral intuitions as the base for rejecting a moral theory which is in this case, the moral theory of utilitarianism. Indeed, of course, for example, stealing is a disgrace yet to think of it now, maybe our other supposed to be right moral beliefs might be wrong. Yet, is stealing really wrong? What about Robin Hood? Is he a hero or just a plain mere thief? The point that Im trying to state here is that we dont really know which are right and which are wrong. Our moral beliefs are inconsistent.   Some may percei ved certain things are right. Some may not. And so, we cannot know that our common sense moral intuitions about The Torture Show or Jim and The 21 Indians are right mainly because we dont really know which of our moral beliefs to trust. Second of all, the counter-examples are based on complicated moral situations; and truth to be told, biased as have they are design in such a way that the morally right answer seem obvious.   In reference to Jim and the 21 Indians, let me re-describe the situation to highlight the utilitarian benefit. Indeed, it is hard to overlook how terrible the consequences would be if 20 Indians are to be killed, when Jim has the power to prevent that. We must acknowledge the fact that, yes, although it is easy to sympathize with one innocent unfortunate person, we must also sympathize with the other 20 people, each of whom will suffer greatly if they are to be killed.  In this case, the morally right action is not obvious.  The situations presented are almost always unusual and extraordinary they are situations that one is unlikely to come across, much less to be prepared for when one does come across it.   And so conclusively, we based our moral intuitions on our moral educations. Mor al education is applicable to our daily lives and if it was to be applied in aggravating counter-examples and in every possible situation, it is indeed impossible. And so because of that, moral intuitions are not valid and any objections based on them are flawed and can be disregarded. Conclusively, these could somehow rebut the arguments made by William on the basis of integrity and morality. Conclusively, we can actually deduce that things that are morally wrong usually involve the harming of people and things that are of high moral values such as charity work, heroic deeds all contribute to the welfare of the people. Moreover, it is not a coincidence that wrong actions harm people and right action help people.  Indeed, utilitarianism claimed that the reason that right actions are right is that they help people, and the reason that wrong actions are wrong is because they harm people.   The basis of morality is inside the principle of utilitarianism. You make people happy when you help them and you make them unhappy when you harm them. And so, conclusively, as long as a person accepts that it is best to help people as much as possible and hurt them as little as possible, he or she must accept that utilitarianism is right! Works Cited/References: Crisp, Roger 1997: Routledge Philosophy Guide Book to Mill on Utilitarianism. E. Goodin, Robert 1995: Utilitarianism as a Public Philosophy. Mill, John Stuart (Reprinted in Penguin Classics 1985, first published in 1859): On Liberty. Would you kill someone to save one hundred people? CreateDebate. Retrieved on 15th November 2009, from http://www.createdebate.com/debate/show/ould_you_kill_ someone_to_save_one_hundred_people Utilitarianism Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia. Retrieved on 12th November 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarianism Bernard Williams Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia. Retrieved on 12th November 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Williams Introduction to utilitarianism. Retrieved on 16th November 2009 from http://www.utilitarian.org/utility.html Utilitarianism by John Stuart Mill Retrieved on 18th November 2009 from http://www.utilitarianism.com/mill2.htm

Klamath Falls Crisis Essay -- essays research papers

the paper is about the water crisis that is taking place right now in the Klamath Falls are of Oregon. It discusses the many problems that the different groups of interest are dealing with. The main group that I focused on was the view point of the farmers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Klamath Lake, along with other various rivers, lakes and canals that surround it, are the basis for almost 500 species of wildlife in southern Oregon and parts of northern California. It also serves as the most important factor in a farmer’s livelihood; their irrigation. The basis for the water crisis that is going to today in this region is that the current water levels and somewhat water quality are diminishing and reeking havoc on the area’s wildlife. The most notable argument from our guest lecturers and Steve Kandra (our somewhat uninvited tour guide), is that the water levels are too shallow for the two species of sucker fish to fully mature and to spawn. This makes it difficult to the many other species that rely on the sucker for a source of food, the most popular being the bald eagle, which is also an endangered species. Aside from the wildlife issues, the other main issue involved in this water crisis is the right to water usage. Some o f these water rights date back many years but, they are still having difficulty deciding who gets to use the water and exactly how much they should use. There are also many other parties involved in this crisis, aside from environmentalists and irrigators, which I feel, are left out and many people don’t realize their role in the crisis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Coming from a finance background myself, I feel that one of the major stake holders in this issue that are being overlooked are the local business owners as well as the businesses that purchase goods from the Klamath area businesses. Since many of the family farmers around this area are unable to irrigate, they have no crop to sell. This in turn means they either have no income to purchase goods or in the worst case scenario, they might have to sell some of the assets to pay for their living expenses. These assets could include anything from faming equipment to the land itself. Having been to the Klamath Falls area personally, I noticed that it is not a very wealthy town, to say the least. You will notice that there are not a lot of corporate firms compared to fam... ...use. They said that cattle can damage the land very easily and it can take quite a few years to reverse the damage. It also discussed some of the problems with the cattle polluting the streams. What wasn’t discussed very much were the steps that the ranchers were taking to help preserve the land. It seems like all they did was focus on the negative side of what cattle can do to the land. Regardless of what someone’s standing is on the water crisis debate, it is very apparent that there isn’t going to be any short term solution to this problem. As stated by Steve Kandra and another speaker, the way I understood it was that the current biological order is in place for ten years. This doesn’t leave any room for improvement. Another factor to consider is that there is 70% less rain fall this year compared to the average. This is going to be very difficult for them to keep the water levels stable without the irrigators even taking any water. On MSNBC, a reporter discussed the current conditions around the Klamath Basis as well as a number of other places throughout the west. Many states involved with the problem of dramatically less rain fall have already declared a drought for summer.

Business Goals

Background of study The quick development in rivalry among firms of different kinds has represented a few difficulties for them with respect to keeping up their customers and accomplishing business goals. Because of that, firms have moved from customary ways of marketing towards social trading methods with customers that could return more prominent business benefits on the long haul. Consequently, concentrating on retention of customers has turned out to be vital for enhancing the competitiveness and performance of the organizations. Keeping in mind the end goal to accomplish the retention of customers, it must be noticed that customers have a tendency to assess their purchasing experiences regarding the perceived value that is followed by the measure of cash spent to receive an item or benefit and the advantages got in return. Along these lines, a positive experience of a customer significantly affects the purchasing behavior and retention of the customer. (Bapat and Thanigan, 2016). To manage customer relations and guarantee firm efficacy, it has happened to be very necessary to comprehend what leads to retention of the customers. (Afzali and Ahmed, 2016). Customer retention is defined as â€Å"the process of building customer loyalty towards a particular brand, thus resulting in repurchasing its products or services over time† (Cannie, 1994; Danish, Ahmad, Ateeq, Ali, and Humayon, 2015). Customer retention is the primary objective for the organizations that aides in keeping up their business (Coviello, 2002). There are an extensive number of firms that are associated with the retention of their customers. In order to achieve the maximum profitability, firms tend to focus on the retention of the customers (Kotler, 2003). Retention of the customers underlines on backing which is for the most part connected with repurchase conduct and brand devotion of the customers (Buttle, 2004). At the end of the day, retention of the customers involves a durable responsibility of a customer towards a brand and keeping up such relationship because of positive observations and past encounters (Boohene, 2013; Mohamed and Borhan, 2014). Customers who cheerfully make the majority of their buys from a specific brand for the most part have higher extent of fulfillment towards it than the individuals who indicate less loyalty. Anderson and Sullivan (1990) likewise represented that client maintenance gives monetary ramifications to firms on the grounds that increasing new customers is more exorbitant than keeping up existing ones because of the costs that they spend on publicizing and advancement to impact their purchase intention. Retention of the customers happens when the customers are completely happy with the benefits given by the inns (Grà ¸nhaug and Gilly,2001). On the other hand, the customers are particularly faithful towards their brands (inn) and it brings about the retention of the customers of that brand (Buttle, 2004). In order to achieve the maximum benefits and advantages, the firms tend to focus on retention of their customers. (Dawkins and Reichheld, 2009). There are few examinations that clarify the impact of the diverse variables that impact the client maintenance in inns. This is especially simple for the clients to get disappointed with the offers administrations to them (Colgate and Lang, 2001; Colgate and Norris, 2001) 1.2 Purpose of The Study The main and premier reason for this research is to discover the impact of the distinctive factors on the retention of the customers.Research ObjectivesThe fundamental goals for this article are as per the following:To find the impacts of the distinctive factors such as service quality, ambience, customer satisfaction and loyalty on retention of the customers.Significance of the studyThe significance of the study is that retention of the customers is the essential activity for any business for the most extreme yield. This investigation is done to clarify the connection between ambience, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, service quality and retention of the customers.Scope of the study This examination will assist the entrepreneurs with working on these elements in light of the fact that these variables are the fundamental need of each customer. What's more, with the assistance of this analysis, the entrepreneurs can thrive their business. This exploration is additionally valuable for similar firms who are confronting the issues in keeping up the customers.Research QuestionThe research question of this study is to find out what is the impact of ambience, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and service quality on the retention of the customers.

Plato vs. Machiavelli Essays

Plato vs. Machiavelli Essays Plato vs. Machiavelli Paper Plato vs. Machiavelli Paper Plats view of human nature can be seen when considering his view of the soul, which, according to him, Is comprised of three distinct parts; one of reason, one of appetite, and one of spirit. Ones inclination towards a particular part of the soul determines his place in society. The spirit-dominated soul is one of courage and bravery, therefore, these people are the soldiers in Flats ideal society. The workers or craftsmen are those with an appetitive soul, one that yearns to fulfill only lifes basic needs. Finally, we have the oils that are Inclined towards reason and these select few are those that Plato deems worthy of ruling. For Plato there Is no greater goal In life than the pursuit of knowledge. An intelligent man is just and therefore fit to preside over the state for he will always have the best interests of the state in mind. These characteristics are inherent in someone, they are not things that can be achieved or taught so the act of discovering what role each man is more apt to fill is the only task to be done. Then people are simply given the education needed to take on the duties they were meant o perform. In Flats mind the result of this Is a truly harmonious society where everyone strives to contribute to the success of society as a whole. This seems simple enough in theory but in reality in deprives humanity of any creativity, ambition, or any sense of self-worth. Machiavelli, a realist, presents a much different representation of human nature than that of Plato. In his opinion, man is both good and bad but when push comes to shove he will always choose what best serves his own Interests. This leads to Machiavellian construction of an Ideal prince, which Is one ho possesses virtue. According to Machiavelli, virtue Is the ability or skill with which becomes successful. As I have said, he should do what is right If he can: but he must be prepared to do wrong if necessary (Machiavelli, p. 55, 1994). This is the balance the prince must employ using virtue so as to allow him to achieve the best possible ends for both himself and the state. Machiavelli does not discourage the prince from engaging in amoral activities, however he does quite the opposite. For example, he promotes ruthlessness If It Is necessary to establish his power. However, Machiavelli advises that It be done all at once and as early In ones reign as possible. This Is so that it may quickly be forgotten and so the people may see that these acts were only done for their benefit and the preservation of the state. Machiavellian prince is much more concerned with his image and the perception the people have of him rather than the actual morality of his choices. If he engages in immorality for the right reasons and is able to retain the support of the populace then his actions are seen as both Justified and necessary. The necessity of a good prince Ills In his Utterance Ana conservation AT ten state as a wangle. I Nils Is conclave tongue a strong army that can both defend the state in times of attack and conquer surrounding territories when expansion is warranted. These are the ends that Justify any of the means taken by the prince in order to achieve them. Machiavellian prince is any man that possesses the virtue required to gain and retain power over the state. This is in stark contrast to Plats view of those who are qualified to be in power. Then, dont you see that in your city, too, the desires of the inferior many are untroubled by the wisdom and desires of the superior few? I do (Plato, p. 106, 1992). This undoubtedly conveys Plats belief that philosopher-kings are those that must lead fore they are the only ones fit with the wisdom to do so. They are seemingly forced into a position of power; they rule not because they choose to but rather to achieve the good and harmony of everyone, even the inferior many. In Plats work the founders and rulers of his society are an absolute necessity. A perfect society could not exist without them for then the responsibility of leadership would all to those unfit to lead. In Machiavellian case an ideal prince is something that is desired rather than something that is essential to the existence of a state. This is evidenced by Machiavellian entire purpose behind writing The Prince, which is to persuade Lorenz De Medici, who he sees as a potential prince, to unify the country of Italy which found itself in a condition of utter disarray. Machiavellian prince is necessary to facilitate an enduring, truly successful state but surely states can exist and experience reasonable amounts of success without such a prince. In terrorist, the only theory to have any true usefulness would be that of Machiavelli. Plats Utopia is simply an imaginary world that may work in theory but that is that only place in which it does. There is no practicality in it when you consider the real world and the true nature of people. The result, then, is that more plentiful and better-quality goods are more easily produced if each person does one thing for which he is naturally suited, does it at the right time, and is released from having to do any of the others (Plato, p. 45, 1992). It would surely be illustrious if people would ay into this acceptance of a given role for their lives as Plato proposes and live in such a way where their only goal would be to live out that role as best as possible for the betterment of society as a unit. Unfortunately, we live in a world where people are corrupt, envious, self-interested, and many times do whatever they can to improve their own situation regardless of the effect their actions have on the situations of others. Machiavelli recognizes these aspects of human nature and integrates them into the theory of governance that he constructs. He does this by first coking into history and learning from the successes and failures experienced by nations in the past. He recognizes that there is a degree of good and bad in everyone and the extent to which people perform in either direction is entirely up to them. People are by nature inconstant. It is easy to persuade them of something, but it is difficult to stop them from changing their minds. So you have to be prepared for the moment when they no longer believe: Then you have to force them to believe (Machiavelli, p. 20, 1994). This conveys Machiavellian appreciation of the fact hat people can be manipulated; especially by someone whom has the intelligence required to master the use of both good and evil to the point that it becomes an art. The evil in this case is the application of the force needed to keep the belief or support AT ten people. I nest are ten men, won more tales than not, Tina themselves in positions of power because of their somewhat cunning and deceptive nature that allows them to deceive others Just enough to gain their support while still presenting an image of themselves that is above reproach.

Free Essays on The Mother

The mother Abortion. One of today’s greatest controversies is all summed up in one poem. â€Å"The mother† by Gwendolyn Brooks, is about abortion and emotions that the mother feels by making such a decision. The mother feels content and little regret about the abortion. Hell, one should feel so lucky to. In the whole first stanza the narrator is telling others how she feels about not being a mother; perhaps she is giving advice: â€Å"You will never neglect or beat/them, or silence or buy with sweet†¦.† The narrator means that if one chooses to have an abortion she won’t have a chance to do all the things other mom’s have the chance to. For example, she will never get to punish or spoil a child. The second stanza is also from the mother’s point of view: â€Å"I have heard in the voices of the wind the voices of my dim killed children.† She hears them, and they still live with her. When she says, â€Å"I have contracted. I have eased† the mother has come to an agreement and is free from worry, pain, and discomfort. Going through day after day, knowing that the mother has killed an innocent baby, she finally realizes that it was her choice and came to an agreement with herself that she doesn’t need to worry anymore. The second portion of the second paragraph is a vital and powerful section of the poem. The line â€Å"And your lives from your unfinished reach,† could mean several things. One idea is that the mother may not have reached a goal in life, which she had planned on before the abortion happened. After having an abortion, many people feel guilt, regret and depression. Another meaning is that the child hasn’t had a cha nce to get a goal to not reach. The third stanza presents a small sense of regret from the mother. One of the lines in the third stanza is â€Å"If I stole your births and your names, / Your straight baby tears and your games, /Your stilted or lovely loves, your tumults, your marriages,... Free Essays on The Mother Free Essays on The Mother The mother Abortion. One of today’s greatest controversies is all summed up in one poem. â€Å"The mother† by Gwendolyn Brooks, is about abortion and emotions that the mother feels by making such a decision. The mother feels content and little regret about the abortion. Hell, one should feel so lucky to. In the whole first stanza the narrator is telling others how she feels about not being a mother; perhaps she is giving advice: â€Å"You will never neglect or beat/them, or silence or buy with sweet†¦.† The narrator means that if one chooses to have an abortion she won’t have a chance to do all the things other mom’s have the chance to. For example, she will never get to punish or spoil a child. The second stanza is also from the mother’s point of view: â€Å"I have heard in the voices of the wind the voices of my dim killed children.† She hears them, and they still live with her. When she says, â€Å"I have contracted. I have eased† the mother has come to an agreement and is free from worry, pain, and discomfort. Going through day after day, knowing that the mother has killed an innocent baby, she finally realizes that it was her choice and came to an agreement with herself that she doesn’t need to worry anymore. The second portion of the second paragraph is a vital and powerful section of the poem. The line â€Å"And your lives from your unfinished reach,† could mean several things. One idea is that the mother may not have reached a goal in life, which she had planned on before the abortion happened. After having an abortion, many people feel guilt, regret and depression. Another meaning is that the child hasn’t had a cha nce to get a goal to not reach. The third stanza presents a small sense of regret from the mother. One of the lines in the third stanza is â€Å"If I stole your births and your names, / Your straight baby tears and your games, /Your stilted or lovely loves, your tumults, your marriages,...

Why have not we mastered alignment Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Why have not we mastered alignment - Article Example Additionally, in cases where there is misalignment, the IS job gets done but with unnecessary redundancy and inefficiency, greater costs and delays leading to poor performance. And as a result, the organizations invest heavily in IS to compete effectively but still they experience disappointments in performance (Chan, 2002, p. 98-100). The study used both strategic and structural alignment. Research on strategic alignment proposes aligning business unit and IS strategies including communication and understanding between lines and IS executives, interconnected business and IS planning process and resulting plans among others. However, structural alignment refers to the degree of structural fit between the IS system and the business. Structural fit relates to organizational structure including location of IS decision-making rights, reporting relationships, and deployment of IS personnel. This alignment aims at supporting organizational objectives. An important point of discussion is that, effective information system alignment is appropriate for many organizations to escape unnecessary inefficiency and high cost. The strategies used by enterprises to monitor and improve the alignment and performance of information system functions should be a major concern for most organizational

Handling Difficult Conversations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Handling Difficult Conversations - Essay Example Employees are engaged in gossip with each other. Due to gossiping, the employees were not able to focus in their work. Additionally, avoidance of the situation has led to inefficiency in the work procedure, which further was identified to be accountable for unproductivity. This was hampering the work culture and environment of the workplace. As a Human Resource (HR) manager to overcome the situation, a meeting was organized with the employees. In the meeting, an interaction was developed in order to determine the reasons for gossiping during working hours in order to develop an appropriate strategy to overcome the difficult situation. In this respect, I have implemented an effective communication strategy of motivation based on which the employees would be able to develop respect and compassion amid employees and accordingly, they will be able perform their operations productively. Subsequently, the strategy aided in squashing the habit of gossiping amid employees (Guo & Sanchez, 2005). Difficult conversation is identified as a process of communicating messages that are accountable for raising confusion, pain, embarrassment, fear or anxiety amid employees in a workplace (Harvard Business School Publishing, 2014). Difficult conversation can be mitigated through good communication process between managers and subordinates from top level along with middle level managers to labor groups. In this regard, managers should adopt different communication techniques that include manage self, manage conversation and manage relationship (Edmondson & Smith, 2006). Additionally, communication process is required to be based on three important factors that include temperance, clarity and neutrality (Weeks, 2001). In this context, the strategies of managing self, conversation and relationship with the assistance of effective communication would facilitate in managing difficult conversation successfully. Communicating at regular interval with